Effect of gibberrellic acid, proline and spermidine on the formation of flower buds of in vitro cultured Torenia fournieri L.

Abstract

Flower development stage or flowering is one of the decisive stages in the development and perfection oflife and reproductive processes of plants. The process of phase transition from vegetative growth to floweringstage, besides the age factor, the plant also affected by a number of other factors such as photoperiod,temperature, mineral nutrition,... In this study, we focused on investigating the effects of gibberellic acid,proline or spermidine on the flower bud formation of Torenia fournieri L. cultured in vitro. After fourty daysof culture, the results show that gibberellic acid no significant influence on the formation of flower buds ofTorenia. In the experiment used GA\(_3\), shoots were cultured in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l GA\(_3\) and 0.01 mg/l NAA gave the ratio of flower bud formation (44.44%) and number of flower buds (0.72buds/explant) better than other treatments, however lower than control treatment without GA\(_3\) (66.67% andnumbers of bud/explant were 1.11). There are not GA3 endogenous in almost explants, when quantitative acidgibberellic endogenous in the process of flower bud formation of treatment used acid gibberellic and controltreatment without GA\(_3\). In this studying, we also examine the effect of proline and spermidine on the flowerbud formation. The results show that the highest percentage of flower bud formation (88.89%) on MS mediumsupplemented with 0.6 mg/l proline. In the treatment with spermidine, explants were cultured in MS mediumsupplemented with 0.4 mg/l spermidine gave the ratio of flower formation (77.78%) better than othertreatments.